![]() This scarring can prevent the pancreas from making enough insulin. ![]() ![]() Cystic fibrosis produces thick mucus that causes scarring in the pancreas. ![]() Doctors usually diagnose MODY during adolescence or early adulthood, but sometimes the disease is not diagnosed until later in life. Neonatal diabetes occurs in the first 6 months of life. The most common types of monogenic diabetes are neonatal diabetes and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Most of these gene mutations cause diabetes by making the pancreas less able to make insulin. These changes are usually passed through families, but sometimes the gene mutation happens on its own. Monogenic diabetes is caused by mutations, or changes, in a single gene.Genetic mutations, other diseases, damage to the pancreas, and certain medicines may also cause diabetes. Genes may also explain why the disorder occurs more often in African Americans, American Indians, Asians, and Hispanics/Latinas. Having a family history of diabetes makes it more likely that a woman will develop gestational diabetes, which suggests that genes play a role. Hormonal changes, extra weight, and family history can contribute to gestational diabetes. Gaining too much weight during pregnancy may also be a factor. Women who are overweight or have obesity may already have insulin resistance when they become pregnant. Gestational diabetes occurs when the pancreas can’t make enough insulin.Īs with type 2 diabetes, extra weight is linked to gestational diabetes. Most pregnant women can produce enough insulin to overcome insulin resistance, but some cannot. Hormones produced by the placenta contribute to insulin resistance, which occurs in all women during late pregnancy. Scientists believe gestational diabetes, a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy, is caused by the hormonal changes of pregnancy along with genetic and lifestyle factors. Genes also can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes by increasing a person’s tendency to become overweight or have obesity. The disease tends to run in families and occurs more often in these racial/ethnic groups: Over time, the pancreas can’t make enough insulin, and blood glucose levels rise.Īs in type 1 diabetes, certain genes may make you more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. At first, the pancreas makes more insulin to keep up with the added demand. As a result, your body needs more insulin to help glucose enter cells. Type 2 diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which muscle, liver, and fat cells do not use insulin well. To see if your weight puts you at risk for type 2 diabetes, check out these Body Mass Index (BMI) charts. Extra belly fat is linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and heart and blood vessel disease. The location of body fat also makes a difference. Extra weight sometimes causes insulin resistance and is common in people with type 2 diabetes. You are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes if you are not physically active and are overweight or have obesity. Overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity Type 2 diabetes-the most common form of diabetes-is caused by several factors, including lifestyle factors and genes. Studies such as TrialNet are working to pinpoint causes of type 1 diabetes and possible ways to prevent or slow the disease. Scientists think type 1 diabetes is caused by genes and environmental factors, such as viruses, that might trigger the disease. Type 1 diabetes occurs when your immune system, the body’s system for fighting infection, attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. Some people do not find out they have the disease until they have diabetes-related health problems, such as blurred vision or heart trouble. Many people with type 2 diabetes have no symptoms. Symptoms of type 2 diabetes often develop slowly-over the course of several years-and can be so mild that you might not even notice them. Symptoms of type 1 diabetes can start quickly, in a matter of weeks. numbness or tingling in the feet or hands.
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